Learn 2 Conquer

U.S. CUPS TO GRAMS

All-Purpose Flour and Confectioners' Sugar

1/8 cup = 15 grams
1/4 cup = 30 grams
1/3 cup = 40 grams
3/8 cup = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 60 grams
5/8 cup = 70 grams
2/3 cup = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 85 grams
7/8 cup = 100 grams
1 cup = 110 grams
Flaked Coconut

1/8 cup = 10 grams
1/4 cup = 20 grams
1/3 cup = 25 grams
3/8 cup = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 40 grams
5/8 cup = 45 grams
2/3 cup = 50 grams
3/4 cup = 60 grams
7/8 cup = 65 grams
1 cup = 75 grams

Brown Sugar

1/8 cup = 25 grams
1/4 cup = 50 grams
1/3 cup = 65 grams
3/8 cup = 75 grams
1/2 cup = 100 grams
5/8 cup = 125 grams
2/3 cup = 135 grams
3/4 cup = 150 grams
7/8 cup = 175 grams
1 cup = 200 grams
Granulated Sugar

1/8 cup = 30 grams
1/4 cup = 55 grams
1/3 cup = 75 grams
3/8 cup = 85 grams
1/2 cup = 115 grams
5/8 cup = 140 grams
2/3 cup = 150 grams
3/4 cup = 170 grams
7/8 cup = 200 grams
1 cup = 225 grams

Butter or Margarine

1/8 cup = 30 grams
1/4 cup = 55 grams
1/3 cup = 75 grams
3/8 cup = 85 grams
1/2 cup = 115 grams
5/8 cup = 140 grams
2/3 cup = 150 grams
3/4 cup = 170 grams
7/8 cup = 200 grams
1 cup = 225 grams
Grated Coconut

1/8 cup = 10 grams
1/4 cup = 25 grams
1/3 cup = 35 grams
3/8 cup = 40 grams
1/2 cup = 50 grams
5/8 cup = 60 grams
2/3 cup = 65 grams
3/4 cup = 75 grams
7/8 cup = 85 grams
1 cup = 100 grams

Cake Flour

1/8 cup = 10 grams
1/4 cup = 20 grams
1/3 cup = 25 grams
3/8 cup = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 50 grams
5/8 cup = 60 grams
2/3 cup = 65 grams
3/4 cup = 70 grams
7/8 cup = 85 grams
1 cup = 95 grams
Ground Almonds

1/8 cup = 20 grams
1/4 cup = 40 grams
1/3 cup = 55 grams
3/8 cup = 65 grams
1/2 cup = 85 grams
5/8 cup = 105 grams
2/3 cup = 110 grams
3/4 cup = 130 grams
7/8 cup = 150 grams
1 cup = 170 grams

Cocoa

1/8 cup = 15 grams
1/4 cup = 30 grams
1/3 cup = 40 grams
3/8 cup = 45 grams
1/2 cup = 60 grams
5/8 cup = 70 grams
2/3 cup = 75 grams
3/4 cup = 85 grams
7/8 cup = 100 grams
1 cup = 125 grams
Slivered Almonds

1/8 cup = 10 grams
1/4 cup = 20 grams
1/3 cup = 25 grams
3/8 cup = 30 grams
1/2 cup = 40 grams
5/8 cup = 50 grams
2/3 cup = 55 grams
3/4 cup = 60 grams
7/8 cup = 70 grams
1 cup = 80 grams


U.S. EQUIVALENTS
METRIC

Dash
less than 1/8 teaspoon

1 teaspoon
60 drops
1 1/3 fluid grams
5 ml.

1 tablespoon
3 teaspoons
4 fluid grams
15 ml.

2 tablespoons
1 fluid ounce
30 ml.

4 tablespoons
1/4 cup
60 ml.

5 1/3 tablespoons
1/3 cup
80 ml.

6 tablespoons
3/8 cup
90 ml.

8 tablespoons
1/2 cup
120 ml.

10 2/3 tablespoons
2/3 cup

160 ml.

12 tablespoons
3/4 cup

180 ml.

16 tablespoons
1 cup or 8 ounces

240 ml.

1 cup
1/2 pint or 8 fluid ounces

240 ml. or .236 liter (1/4 liter)

2 cups
1 pint

480 ml.

1 pint
16 ounces

480 ml. or .473 liter

4 1/3 cups
1 quart 2 ounces

1 liter (1,000 milliliters)

1 quart
2 pints
960 ml. or .946 liter

2.1 pints
1.05 quarts or .26 gallons
1 liter

2 quarts
1/2 gallon

4 quarts
1 gallon
3.785 liters

.035 ounces
1 gram

2.205 pounds
1 kilogram

1 ounce
16 drams
28 grams

1 pound (16 ounces)
453.6 grams

1 pound (2 cups liquid)

2.20 pounds
1 kilo

LINEAR LENGTH
CENTIMETERS

1 inch
1 foot
1 yard
1 meter
2.54 centimeters
30.48 centimeters
91.44 centimeters
39.37 inches

LIQUID MEASURE
MILLILITERS

1/4 teaspoon
1/2 teaspoon
3/4 teaspoon
1 teaspoon
1 1/4 teaspoons
1 1/2 teaspoons
1 3/4 teaspoons
2 teaspoons
1 tablespoon
2 tablespoons
1.25 ml
2.5 ml
3.75 ml
5.0 ml
6.25 ml
7.5 ml
8.75 ml
10.0 ml
15.0 ml
30 ml


LITERS

1/4 cup
1/2 cup
3/4 cup
1 cup
1 1/4 cups
1 1/2 cups
2 cups
2 1/2 cups
3 cups
3 1/2 cups
4 cups
4 1/2 cups
5 cups
5 1/2 cups
0.061
0.121
0.181
0.241
.31
0.361
0.481
0.61
0.721
0.841
0.961
1.08
1.21
1.321

What is the difference between Baking Soda and Cream of Tartar:

Bicarbonate of soda, or baking soda, has the chemical name sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3. When dissolved in water, creates a slightly basic solution.

Cream of tartar has the chemical name potassium bitartrate, KC4H5O6. When dissolved in water, creates a slightly acidic solution.

Baking powder (double acting) is a mixture of baking soda and cream of tartar.

If you were to make solutions of each of these substances of the same mass concentration (say 50g/L for each), and test them with pH paper:

Baking soda will be most basic.
Cream of tartar will be most acidic.
Baking powder will be somewhere in between.

Chinese Greetings and Good-Byes


The Essentials of Chinese Words and Phrases for Traveling

When you're traveling in Chinese-speaking locations, you'll find that the words and phrases you use most frequently will be the common Chinese greetings. These words and phrases will quickly become second nature to you because you'll use them day in and day out with everyone you come across.

As you'd expect, you should use a polite greeting when you run into someone you know or want to know. However, in Chinese-speaking countries, greetings are given a much greater importance than they are in America.

Saying hello

The most common ways to greet someone in Chinese-speaking countries are:

nĭ hăo! (Hello/Hi!)

zăoshàng hăo; nĭ zăo; zăo (Good morning.)

These three ways to say "good morning" aren't actually very different, but they go somewhat in order of formality, from more formal to less formal.

xiàwŭ hăo (Good afternoon.)

wănshàng hăo (Good evening.)

In China, the standard greeting is usually accompanied by a hand shake. However, unlike the firm, quick American handshake, the Chinese tend to shake hands lightly and for hold the handshake longer: even as long as ten seconds.

Although the handshake is more common, some people prefer a bow. If you are unsure what to do, wait for your Chinese counterpart to make the first move. Then, just duplicate their greeting.

How are you? How's it going? How many times a day do we hear or say these brief greetings at the beginning of our conversations? So many times, in fact, that half the time, we don't even pay attention. These pleasantries are common in Chinese-speaking countries as well. The Chinese phrase equivalent to "How are you?" is nĭ hăoma? Other common ways to ask how someone is doing are:

nĭ zĕnmeyàng? (How is it going?)

zuìjìn zĕnmeyàng? (How's it going lately?)

zuìjìn hăoma? (How are you lately?)

Responding to "How are you?"

As you'd expect, when someone asks you how you're doing, there are many possible responses.

wŏ hĕnhăo, xièxie. (I'm doing great, thank you.)

wŏ bútàihăo. (I'm not doing well.)

In Chinese, as in English, you would only tell people you know reasonably well that you aren't well.

mămăhūhū. (So-so.)

This phrase actually translates as "Horse horse tiger tiger." If you use this with your Chinese friends, they'll be very impressed!

háixíng. (I'm okay.)

tĭnghăode. (I'm fine.)

Saying good-bye

There are also many ways to say goodbye.

zàijiàn. (Goodbye.)

míngtiān jiàn. (See you tomorrow.)

huítóu jiàn. (See you soon.)

zhù nĭ hăoyùn! (Good luck!)

xiàge xīngqījiàn. (See you next week.)

găitiān zàiliáo. (Talk to you soon.)

mànzŏu. (Take care.)

Although mànzŏu generally means "walk carefully" in Chinese, you also can say mànzŏu or băozhòng in Chinese for "take care" in English. Moreover, băozhòng is a little more formal and serious than mànzŏu.

Have a look at how these greetings words work in an actual conversation.

Bill: nĭ hăo! (Hello!)
Jin: nĭ zăo. zuìjìn zĕnmeyàng? (Good Morning. How is it going lately?)
Bill: háixíng. nĭ ne? (I'm okay. And you?)
Jin: wŏ yĕ búcuò. (The same.)
Bill: zàijiàn. (Goodbye.)
Jin: mànzŏu. (Take care.)